Antagonistic of Trichoderma spp. Againts the Cause of Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) Wilt on Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) IN VITRO
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Abstract
Tuber rot is one of the important diseases in onion caused by Fusarium oxysporum. In Indonesia, shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of the main vegetable commodities and has many benefits. Based on data from The National Nutrient Database, shallots contain carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, sugars, and fatty acids that humans need. In its cultivation is often constrained by pests and diseases, one of them is controlling by using biological agents such as fungi that are antagonistic, for example Trichoderma spp. which has the potential to inhibit the cause of Fusarium wilt in shallot plants. This study aimed to determine the effect of Trichoderma spp isolates and their impact on the growth of F. oxysporum in vitro in onion. Exploration (Trichoderma spp) and observation (antagonist test of Trihoderma spp.) Laboratory and screenhouse experiments were designed respectively a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor (3 treatment) repeated six times. There were 3 isolated from Trichoderma with a growth ratio of 4.5 cm/2 days. The best treatment to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum in vitro is T1, T2, and T3. Observation parameter in this research is Fusarium oxysporum growth inhibition. The 3 types of Trichoderma were able to suppress the pathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum with varying percentages and several mechanisms affecting the inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum, namely competition, antibiosis and mycoparasites. Based on the results of the overall average percentage of inhibitory power, T. harzianum, T. koningii and T. viridae were able to suppress the growth of F. oxysporum with different percentages of inhibitory power. The antagonist interaction showed that the activity of Trichoderma harzianum was very good in inhibiting the growth of Fusarium oxysporum in Vitro with the best inhibition for 3 days of incubation of 89%.
Keywords
Biological Agents; Inhibition, Pathogenicity, antagonistic, shallot.
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