Bioactivity and Application of Gamal Leaves (Gliricidia Maculata) As a Biofungicide against Phytopathogenic Fungi in Chili Pepper (Capsicum Annum L.)
Author(s)
Ifan Aulia Candra , syahbudin Hasibuan , Maimunah ,
Download Full PDF Pages: 18-26 | Views: 523 | Downloads: 138 | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4286807
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effective concentration of gamal (Gliricidia maculata) leaf extract against several pathogenic fungi (Colletothricum capsici, Fusarium oxysporum and Cercospora capsici) in Chilli paper plantation. There were two main stages of activities in conducting this research namely, in vitro using a Non-Factorial Completely Randomized Design (RAL Non-Factorial) and in-vivo analysis. The treatment was performed by using non-factorial complete design, it was found that the factors that became the treatment level were the provision of gamal leaf extract consisting of 30 – 100% gamal leaf extract treatment. Furthermore, an experiment was carried out in vivo using a non-factorial randomized block design (non-factorial shelf). Based on the result effective dosage for controlling pathogenic fungi (Colletotrichum capsici, Fusarium oxysporum and Cercospora capsici) was 20% gamal leaf extract, the highest inhibition percentage of Colletotrichum capsici was 82.49%, at a concentration of ED5 = 40% gamal leaf extract, the highest inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum was 84.67% and at a concentration of ED5 = leaf extract gamal 40% obtained the highest percentage of inhibition of Cercospora capsici was 87.73%. The concentration of gamal leaf extract 20% and 40% of the inhibition of each fungus is equivalent to the synthetic fungicide Benlox 50 WP
Keywords
Gamal leaf extract, vegetable fungicide, pathogenic fungi
References
i. Jamsari, J., et al., Conserved structure of the NPR1 gene distal promoter isolated from a chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in West Sumatera. F1000Research, 2019. 8(52): p. 52.
ii. Oktavioni, M., et al. Partial isolation of distal promoter sequence of the NPR1 gene from local chilli Pepper [Capsicum annuum L.] genotype berangkai. in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019. IOP Publishing.
iii. Ghasemzadeh, A. and N. Ghasemzadeh, Flavonoids and phenolic acids: Role and biochemical activity in plants and human. Journal of medicinal plants research, 2011. 5(31): p. 6697-6703.
iv. Noerbaeti, E., H. Pattah, and W. Nuraini, Potensi Ekstrak Daun Gamal Gliricidia sepium Sebagai Antibakteri Vibrio spdan Flexibacter maritimum. Journal Teknologi Budidaya Laut, 2016. 6: p. 43-49.
v. Apriliyani, A., N. Nukmal, and E. Rosa. Development of Botanical Insecticide from Flavonoid of Compound Leaf Extract Gliricidia Maculata to Control Coffee Mealybug Planacoccus Citri. in Proceeding International Wildlife Symposium 2016. 2016. Institute Research and Community Service the University of Lampung.
vi. Mostert, D., et al., The distribution and host range of the banana Fusarium wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, in Asia. PLoS One, 2017. 12(7): p. e0181630.
vii. Van Toan, P., et al., Pesticide management and their residues in sediments and surface and drinking water in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Science of the Total Environment, 2013. 452: p. 28-39.
viii. Narayanasamy, P., Mechanisms of action of fungal biological control agents, in Biological management of diseases of crops. 2013, Springer. p. 99-200.
ix. Chen, M.S., Inducible direct plant defense against insect herbivores: a review. Insect science, 2008. 15(2): p. 101-114.
x. Libs, E. and E. Salim, Formulation of essential oil pesticides technology and their application. Agri Res Tech, 2017. 9(2): p. 555759.
xi. Ali, H.K.O., Characterization of the major flavonoid from Acacia nilotica roots and constituents of Cassia fistula and Eucalyptus camaldulensis oils and their biological activity. 2017, Sudan University of Science and Technology.
xii. Wink, M., Modes of action of herbal medicines and plant secondary metabolites. Medicines, 2015. 2(3): p. 251-286.
xiii. Ribera, A. and G. Zuñiga, Induced plant secondary metabolites for phytopatogenic fungi control: a review. Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, 2012. 12(4): p. 893-911.
xiv. Radulovic, N., et al., Antimicrobial plant metabolites: structural diversity and mechanism of action. Current medicinal chemistry, 2013. 20(7): p. 932-952.
xv. Verma, A., N. Jain, and B. Kaur, Regulation of Plant Behavior through Potential Anti Gibberellins Compounds. The Journal of Plant Science Research, 2010. 26(2): p. 227.
xvi. Qasim, M., et al., Antioxidant properties, phenolic composition, bioactive compounds and nutritive value of medicinal halophytes commonly used as herbal teas. South African Journal of Botany, 2017. 110: p. 240-250.
xvii. Candra IA., Maythesya O., Yesi M., Bastian N., Irfan S., Tuti H., Jamsari, J. (2019), In Vitro Interaction between Geminivirus Replicase Protein and the Npr1 Gene Promoter from Chilli Pepper (c, International Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences 10:01-08 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3519691
xviii. Hasibuan, S., Maimunah, Yogi Pranata, & Candra, IA. (2020). Potential Antifungal Compound from Gliricidia Maculate Leaf Extract Against Phatogenic Fungi (Colletothricum capsici, Fusarium oxysporum and Cercospora capsici) on Chili Pepper. International Journal Of Agriculture And Biological Sciences, 4(Jan and Feb), 111–117.
Cite this Article: